History of Sulfate Use Sulfate  is a naturally occurring compound consisting of a single sulfur ion and four oxygen ions (SO4). Sulfate is a very common compound found in nearly all water wells, and enters water through the dissolution of the Read more

History of Lead Use Over the last decade, the rise and prevalence of lead contamination events in the United States has risen dramatically.  One of the main reasons is that public water systems rely on lead service lines installed nearly a century Read more

This is the second part in a feature series aimed at exploring brine and its role in ion exchange processes.  In this second portion, we will take a look at cation exchange operating capacities, capacity vs. salt, and high efficiency systems. Over Read more

When More Water is Needed   There are many reasons why additional storage is required. If the system is installed in houses with larger families, cooking needs alone may warrant more storage. If the family fills their water bottles Read more

History of Arsenic Use Arsenic is a naturally occurring element found in bedrock formations throughout the United States, but most commonly in the West, Midwest and Northeast regions.  Arsenic in groundwater supplies is a result of the dissolution Read more

This is the first part in a feature series aimed at exploring brine and its role in ion exchange processes.  In this first portion, we will take a look at the general concepts of brine makeup, including brine concentrations and its role in exchange Read more

One of the most common questions asked by homeowners about water softeners is why softened water feels the way it does.  The term soft water refers to water that is stripped of the hard water or scale forming ions like calcium and magnesium.  In Read more

Any water analysis report will provide the standard information including pH, hardness, alkalinity, and TDS.  TDS or Total Dissolved Solids is somewhat underappreciated and overlooked in terms of water chemistry and treatment.  Total Dissolved Solids Read more

Iron and Manganese are the most common metals we deal with as contaminants in the water treatment industry.  Their presence can generate objectionable tastes, odors, staining, and coloring of anything they come into contact with.  The methods for Read more